Many words have a stem used with all suffixes distinct from their unsuffixed form. The entries for such words contain a dot (.) and a pipe (|). All material before the pipe constitutes the unsuffixed form, and the suffixed form is obtained from there by replacing the material after the dot with the material after the pipe. For instance puň.ei|n 'turnip' is puňei unsuffixed, puňn- suffixed; du.|n 'mountain' is du, dun-. The same device is used for phonemically invariant stems subject to phonological processes: məi.s|z 'father' is best thought of as simply /məiz/.
The second column specifies the capital and caudal classes of each inflecting stem. In addition, if a vowel of the stem is subject to a-mutation, it will be underlined in the first column and the other form will appear in the second column, marked with > if the citation form is unmutated and < if it is mutated. So ij V:W >əi 'snow' is vocalic capital, consonantal weak caudal, unmutated in citation form, and forms əijka 'its snow', while kaj Cs:W <o 'tongue' is voiceless capital, consonantal weak caudal, mutated in citation form, and forms kojəi 'my tongue'. (Mutation cannot change register, so if an underlined vowel bears a register diacritic this isn't repeated, as a notational convenience.)
Adjectives are glossed with English adjectives. Separable p-verbs are indexed under their second part and displayed with a hyphen; this hyphen is not used in running romanised text.
This lexicon includes many derivations, including a certain number which are regular. They're just here for comprehensiveness. On the other hand not all derived words (especially ta- inceptives and tez- factitives) in use are included.
[[Among Ayāsthi borrowings there should be some that are essentially synonyms or register variants.]] [[Check for exceptional singulatives.]]
| adi | Va:iS | n | tree |
| adou.|n | V:S | n | right hand, (pos.) right side: il-adou 'rightwards' |
| adu.|n | Va:S | adj | pure (of substance), free of contamination; pure of spirit, virtuous; free from (with [[what case?]]) |
| ahi | adv | up | |
| aipi.|n | V:S | adj | true, right, correct [backformation from maipi, taken as a negative] |
| aiṗ | V:W | adj | green |
| aiṗke.s|z | V:W <əi | n | garden |
| aiṗkə | V:sW | n | sprout, shoot |
| t-aiṗkə | Csa:sW | v | sprout, germinate |
| ait | V:M | v | run [[derivs?]] |
| aitu.|n | V:S | adj | underfed, (constantly) hungry, starving, emaciated |
| t-aitu.|n | Csa:S | v | starve (intr) |
| Ājat | V:S | pn | any language recognised as a descendant of Adāta (a generic name, with popular currency) [probably a confusion of several different developments of this name in Ayāsth] |
| aki | Va:iS | n | egg |
| tez-aki | Csa:iS | v | lay an egg |
| akrou.|n | Va:W | n | enemy |
| alna | Va:S | v | divide, split (tr); (nominalised) split, cleft |
| t-alna | Csa:S | v | rupture, split, develop cracks (intr) |
| aľ | Va:W >e | n | fire |
| tez-aľ | Csa:W >e | v | cook |
| ij-aľ | V:W >e | v | sit around the fire (for warmth) |
| ap | V:W <o | n | ear |
| ij-ap | V:W <o | v | listen |
| apij | Va:S | n | berry |
| aplo | Va:S | n | falling snow |
| āplo | Va:S | n | (sgtv.) snowflake |
| apna | Va:S | n | tears; (as adj) sad |
| tez-apna | Csa:S | v | cry |
| āpna | Va:S | n | (sgtv.) teardrop |
| apnerou.|n | Va:W | adj | lamentable, pitiable, rueful |
| apsa | V:S | v | build, create, make (of a physical thing) |
| apy | p | because (of) (precedes noun or verb phrases) [[treat in sketch]] | |
| araži | V:iW | v | exert one's influence on, manipulate [Ayāsthi àraʒeıeṅ 'push'] |
| ařnem | Va:W <a | v | breathe; live, be alive |
| āřnem | Va:W <a | n | (sgtv.) a breath |
| ařnemrou.|n | Va:S | adj | animated, vivacious |
| ařno | Va:S | n | girl |
| at | Va:W >e | adj | old, worn out or frail with age (see also atmoř) |
| at | V:W <o | n | ashes; remnants, residue |
| t-at | Csa:W <o | v | burn up (intr) |
| at | Va:M >e | n | state, condition: šatoř a greeting to someone familiar, elliptical for [[what?]] ~'how are you?' [deverbal noun of aþe] |
| at | Va:W >e | n | (only appears in toponyms) forest (for the general word see etti) |
| atenda | V:S | n | crumbs ['bread remnants'] |
| ātenda | V:S | n | (sgtv.) crumb |
| atmo.ř|d | Va:W >a | adj | old (especially of people) [for disambiguation from the other words at] |
| t-atmo.ř|d | Csa:W >a | v | age, grow old |
| atsa | V:S | n | fire-pit |
| atsa | Va:S | v | float, hover |
| atsou.|n | Va:W | adj | aroused, sexually excited, turned on |
| àu.|n | Va:W >ou | v | say, talk, speak [[args?]], call s.o. s.t. (with accusative and predicative) |
| àvəi.|n | V:S | v | drink (slightly more formal register than run q.v., though both are in common use) [Ayāsthi ġàvoıeṅ] |
| av.|p | Va:S | v | please (used to render Eng. "like"); lift the spirits [[case?]] |
| àvi | Va:iS | v | capture (of cities, territory, etc.) |
| avic | Va:S | adj | important |
| avijeim | adv | counterclockwise | |
| avpat | Va:M >e | adj | pleasing; cheerful, uplifting |
| avti | Va:iW | n | seeds (mass) |
| tez-avti | Csa:iW | v | sow (seed), scatter, broadcast |
| āvti | Va:iW | n | (sgtv.) seed |
| avtinda | Va:S | n | grain, cereal |
| avu.|n | Va:S | n | heath, moor |
| avum | Va:S | n | offal, entrails, guts |
| oul-ávum | V:S | v | gut, eviscerate, disembowel |
| āvumy | Va:yW | n | (sgtv.) internal organ |
| azza | V:S | n | city: nun et-šazza 'visit' (visitee dat) [oza + location suffix] |
| c.il|l | Cs:S | n | barley |
| cīl | Cs:W >əi | n | (sgtv.) barleycorn |
| cinci.|n | Cs:W | v | twinkle (as the stars) [imitative] |
| cincik | Cs:W | n | host of stars [derivation is somewhat unclear] |
| cīncik | Cs:W | n | (sgtv.) star |
| cinciksa | Cs:S | n | night sky (poetic) |
| cve.s|z | Csa2:W <a | v | tie; tie up, form into a bundle; pull tight, cinch; link, attach by means of a lead etc. |
| cveskə | Csa2:sW | n | leash, lead, chain, pull-cord |
| cỳmou.|n | Cs:W | n | door [first component cognate to tsyt with irregular initial, second < mava] |
| ch.ì| ̀ | Cs:S | n | knife [yet another not-really-regular reformation of divergent Mavakhalan unsuffixed and stem forms] |
| chrou.|n | Cs2a:W | adj | final, unconditional, absolute, unarguable, clearly defined, bright-line [adjvsn. of 'knife'] |
| čič | Cs:W | v | itch (stative) |
| čyňjoli | Cs:iW | n | pie, pastry |
| čhòm | Cs2:W | v | eat [imitative] |
| čhòmrou.|n | Cs2:S | adj | tasty |
| čhorou.|n | Cs2:W | adj | rude, impudent [lit. 'ballsy' (of course != Eng. in connotations)] |
| čhy | Cs2:yW | n | stone; testicle |
| čhyiva | Cs2:S | n | altar [second < ôa] |
| dal | conj | but | |
| da.ř|d | Cva:W >e | n | muscle, brawn, sinew; (as adj) muscular [Kozado dado] |
| de.s|z | Cva:W <a | v | fight in a disciplined way (as a duel); make war against [[derivs?]] |
| dij | Cv:W >əi | n | finger |
| ij-dij | V:W >əi | v | poke, touch (with the fingers) |
| do.ř|d | Cv:W >a | adv/n | this year |
| dou.|n | Cv:W | n | child (of some parents), offspring |
| du.|n | Cv:W | n | mountain |
| dytyt | i:S >o | n | head of the household [< ðô + tôt] |
| dyzi | Cv:iS | adj | white |
| dəňha | Cv:S | v | seek, look for |
| écaňi | V:iW | v | corroborate, substantiate, support, back up [Ayāsthi eıtsáņeıeṅ 'be in favour of'] |
| ēdai.|n | Va:S >ei | n | prostitute [Kozado adaš] [[verbs?]] |
| efvu.|n | V:W | n | heather (mass) ['moor grass'] |
| ēfvu.|n | V:W | n | (sgtv.) heather shrub |
| eh | V:W <ə | n | bull, male bovine |
| oul-éh | V:W <ə | v | drive livestock |
| èhai.|n | Va:S >ei | v | arrange, lay out; prepare; adorn, decorate; pave (stones acc, road all) |
| èhainəi.s|z | Va:M >e | n | pavement; floor |
| ehsa | V:S | n | pen for livestock |
| èim | Va:W <ai | adj | sick [negative of má] |
| eimpu.|n | Cs:W | n | day, 24 hour period [< 'turning round'] |
| eimy | V:yS | adj | loose, unbound, free (of motion), on the lam |
| t-eimy | Csa:yS | v | get loose, escape |
| tez-eimy | Csa:yS | v | set free |
| ein | adv | down | |
| ein | V:W | v | grow (a particular crop), keep (a particular species of animal) |
| einrou.|n | V:S | adj | domestic, cultivable |
| einta | V:S | v | surmise, suspect, believe on partial evidence, intuit [[derivs?]] |
| einza | V:S | n | field, plot |
| einzep | V:W <a | v | strike, hit, deal a blow to |
| eiň | V:W | n | hair (mass) |
| ēiňi | V:iS | n | (sgtv.) strand of hair |
| èitə | V:sW | adj | hot [base < E'át eiz 'bake'] |
| t-èitə | Csa:sW | v | get hot, heat up (intr) |
| tez-èitə | Csa:sW | v | heat (tr) |
| ej | adna | somewhat, kind of, -ish, in a vague or nonstandard sense; (with expressions of quantity) about, approximately (also found as a suffix) | |
| éjo.|n | V:S | n | nobleman [Ayāsthi eıjó] |
| elaňi | V:iW | n | flood, (generally) surfeit (of anything) [Ayāsthi èılaņeıeṅ 'flood', a verb] |
| ēlaňi | V:iW | n | last straw, step too far, what finally does s.o. in or drives them out or enrages them or ... |
| ep | Va:S | n | (pos.) area far from: ouv-ép 'far (from)' |
| è.ř|r | Va:W <a | adj | strange; random, arbitrary; capricious, following whim |
| eř.|řə | V:sW <əi | v | bake, roast |
| eřza | Va:S | n | vomit |
| tez-eřza | Csa:S | v | vomit |
| et | Va:W <a | v/s | stop; die; fall over (intr) [ata absorbing senses from the homophonous eþ] [[certainly an auxiliary; add to the s-verb list]] [[surely more derivs]] |
| tez-et | Va:W <a | v | stop (tr); interfere with, get in the way of; knock over, rase; cut down, kill |
| etti | Va:iW | n | forest (see at 4) [+ 'tree'] |
| ev | Va:W <a | v | offend or transgress against one's superiors (superiors dat), (wrt a god) sin (also nominalisation) |
| èvau.|n | Va:W >ou | v | talk back (to dat), sass |
| evro | Va:S | n | bark (of a tree) |
| ezzə | Va:sW | v | form, shape, mould, (of dough) knead |
| ezzəi.s|z | Va:M >e | n | dough |
| fář | Csa:W >e | v | tremble, quiver [?] |
| fašša | Csa:S | n | screen used to partition a room ['place to undress'] |
| faz.ys|s | Csa:S | v | undress, disrobe, (tr) doff, take off [stem reformed to be syncopating] |
| fo | Cs:S | n | shit [initial seemingly intensive] |
| hac.|cə | Csa:sW | n | garlic |
| hāc.|cə | Csa:sW | n | (sgtv.) clove of garlic |
| hahsa | Cs:S | adj | broken |
| t-hahsa | Cs2a:S | adj | break (intr) |
| tec-hahsa | Csa:S | adj | break (tr) |
| haij | Cs:M | n | water |
| hāij | Cs:M | n | (sgtv.) drop of water |
| haiřnəi.s|z | Cs:M >e | n | oil (especially of the olive): apij zy-haiřnəis 'olive' |
| haiřnəskə | Cs:sW | n | olive |
| hap | Cs:W <o | n | earwax ['ear shit' < x(o) + opa] |
| hāpša | Csa:S | n | generous or heaping amount, large serving [Kozado hapheža] |
| hařza | Cs:S | n | winter pasture, valley land |
| hau.|n | Csa:W | adv/n | yesterday [includes the distal demonstrative xa] |
| hausij | Csa:S | adv/n | the day before yesterday |
| hepva | Csa:S | v | help |
| hepverou.|n | Csa:W | adj | desperate |
| het | Csa:W <a | n | material, substance, stuff; fuel, food, resource, consumed material; (pos.) state of being composed of: nə-het '(made) of' |
| ij-het | V:W <a | v | consume, use up |
| sau-čhēt | Csa:W <a | v | receive hospitably, offer food and lodging to, take in |
| hetpun | Csa:W | n | morsel, snack |
| hetrou.|n | Csa:S | adj | well off, with adequate access to necessities of life |
| hetti | Csa:iW | n | wood [second = adi] |
| tec-hetti | Csa:iW | v | chop firewood |
| hev | Csa:W >a | (not used independently) | |
| tec-hev | Csa:W >a | v | soak, submerge, drown (tr) |
| hevza | Csa:S | n | pool, pond, water-filled ditch or depression |
| hīju.|n | Cs:S >ou | adj | mean, cruel, uncaring ['liver-rotten'] |
| hijza | Cs:S | adj | senile, doddering ['mind-rotten', second component < deverbal n. of jaza] |
| hiku.|n | Cs:S | n | brawl, fracas, rowdy fight; violence; disorder, trouble, disturbance; unrest, resistance (as of a conquered people); (as adj) rowdy, loutish, violent, troublesome, resisting |
| t-hiku.|n | Cs2a:S | v | come to blows, escalate to a fight |
| tec-hiku.|n | Csa:S | v | brawl, fight in a disorderly way |
| hikurou.|n | Cs:W | adj | provocative, "fightin'" (as words) |
| hi.ř|d | Cs:W >əi | n | hare |
| hiřkhə | adv | still, yet [< axêrʼ-xexe 'as far as that', with irregular stress] | |
| hiřza | Cs:S | n | form, shallow depression in the ground |
| hjeim | Cs2:M | v | decide [[case?]] |
| hjéinə | N:sW | adj | lucky [concatenating the former independent and stem forms, reduplicatively] |
| hje.ř|r | Cs2a:W <a | n | flock, swarm, crowd; bunch (of), a lot (of) (also a quantifier): nə-hjeř '(acting) together', et-hjeř '(coming) together' |
| hjiřla | Cs2:S | n | book |
| hjiřle.ř|r | Cs2:W <a | n | library |
| hoha | Cs:S | n | cow-pie, dry animal excrement; (general term of derogation for people) [in sense 1 < xo + exa; sense 2 by influence of hoxo] |
| hot | Cs:W >a | n | infestation of lice or (by extension) other parasitic insects |
| hōt | Cs:W >a | n | (sgtv.) louse [Kozado hoth; reinterpreted as a singulative] |
| hou.|n | Csa:W | (not used independently) | |
| tec-hou.|n | Csa:W | v | conceal (a weapon) |
| ij-hou.|n | V:W | v | attack with a concealed weapon |
| hu.|n | Cs:W | adj | high, deep, tall (in extent) |
| hù.|n | Cs:W >ou | n | left hand, (pos.) left side: il-hù 'leftwards' |
| hùv | Cs:W | v | shove, push [imitative] |
| huvpə | Cs:sW | adj | high, far above the ground (in position) [second < ape] |
| hydu.|n | Cs:S | n | mountain pass [+ 'mountain'] |
| hyru.|n | Cs:S | n | steppe |
| həisyn.|d | Cs:S | n | woolen overcoat |
| həitə | Cs:sW | n | rot |
| tec-həitə | Csa:sW | v | rot |
| ic | i:W | adj | black |
| ih | V:M >ə | v | clean |
| ij | V:W >əi | n | snow on the ground |
| ìjau.|n | V:S >ou | n | man, male person |
| ik | V:W | n | domestic cat [Yād ik] |
| iltijei | adna | rather, somewhat, moderately ['towards being'] | |
| ily | V:yS | n | flower |
| īly | V:yS | n | (sgtv.) petal |
| i.m|nz | PN:S | adj | late [from the Mavakhalan stem form] |
| tez-i.m|nz | Csa:S | v | delay, postpone, put off |
| inda | PNa:S | n | (loaf of) bread (a count noun) |
| oul-índa | V:S | v | dine, partake of a meal |
| inde.s|z | PNa:W <a | n | dining room, dining hall |
| īnsa | V:S | n | task or conduct adopted on behalf of one dying (possibly by their request), testament, (especially) vow to avenge s.o. killed [[usual derivs]] |
| inzok | PN:W >a | n | party, social gathering |
| tez-inzok | Csa:W >a | v | hold a party |
| iňksu.|n | PN:W | n | ~bread pudding; a k. of fungus [mʼg- + zǫ] |
| iňža | V:S | v | watch, study, stare at, fixate on [Kozado iñeža] |
| iṗ | V:W >ə | n | curds; set gelatin; varnish, resinous cement; (generally) any hardened or solidified substance |
| t-iṗ | Csa:W >ə | v | harden, solidify |
| iṗsera | V:S | n | frost |
| iř | V:W >əi | v | unmake, take down or apart, disassemble; break down, erode, cause to undergo attrition (tr) |
| itijo | V:S | n | bough, branch (of a tree) [Kozado iþio] |
| iv | V:W >əi | n | pause, break, respite |
| tez-iv | Csa:W >əi | v | take a break |
| ivnou.|n | V:W | n | recovery, convalescence (from sickness or injury) |
| tez-ivnou.|n | Csa:W | v | recover, convalesce, get better |
| izy | i:yS | n | night |
| jah | adv | (antibenefactive: the speaker doesn't approve of this state of affairs) | |
| jal | adna | very | |
| jat | ja:M >e | v | cut, slice [[derivs?]] |
| jāt | ja:M >e | n | (sgtv.) notch, indentation |
| jāu.|n | ja:W >ou | n | (cutting) edge, blade; edge, margin, verge, border, periphery [[verbs etc.]] |
| jāuze.s|z | ja:W <a | n | plough: jāuzes ṗei harrow |
| jeim | V:W | v | sew |
| jejtə | j:sW | adj | amusing [< jəij] |
| jeřřat | ja:W >e | v | read the mind of [[case?]], use telepathy ['mind-hear'] |
| je.s|z | ja:W <a | v | ponder, cogitate, think about (theme ccst) |
| jet | ja:W <a | v | sleep; dwell, reside (in) (orig. a structure, now also a city or country &c); (in sāu middle) accommodate [[derivs?]] |
| jídij | Cv:S >əi | n | pocket-knife |
| jim | j:W >ə | n | bump, small protuberance |
| jimpi | j:iW | n | horn ['peak' + topi *'horn'; irregular cluster reduction probably for distancing from the now-dominant sense of topi] |
| jimjy | j:yW | n | goosebumps |
| ji.ř|r | j:W >əi | n | sausage |
| ji.tei|řnə | j:sW | n | sea |
| joli | j:iS | adj | full; (modifying an adjunct) fully, extremely |
| t-joli | Cs2a:iS | adj | fill (intr) |
| tez-joli | Csa:iS | adj | fill (tr) |
| jōliju.|n | j:W >ou | n | trust, confidence; (as adj) trusting; trustworthy ['liver-full'] |
| jouk | j:W | n | business [desingulative backformation] |
| jōuk | j:W | n | (sgtv.) transaction, deal [reborrowing from late Æðadĕ] |
| tez-jōuk | Csa:W | v | do business with, trade with [[case?]] |
| jōuro.|n | j:S | adj | passionate, red-blooded |
| jū.|n | j:W >ou | n | liver; (metaphorical) heart, seat of the emotions |
| oul-jú.|n | V:W >ou | v | enrapture, steal the heart of, win the affection of |
| jùt | adv | so, consequently, for this reason | |
| jy.ř|r | j:W >o | adj | mature, longstanding, old and respected, venerable |
| jəij | j:W >e | v | laugh |
| jəimľa | j:S | n | teat, breast [geminate simplified] |
| jəiňhyt | j:W >o | n | news, information [note the parallel in Æðadĕ] |
| jə́itə | Cv:sW | adj | sharp; spicy-hot [adjvsn. of 'knife'] |
| kait | Cs:W | n | sweat |
| tes-kait | Csa:W | v | sweat |
| kaj | Cs:W <o | n | tongue; poetic form, literary style, genre; dialect, language, speech variety |
| tes-kaj | Csa:W <o | v | be proficient with (a poetic form or language) |
| ij-kaj | V:W <o | v | use, be in (a poetic form or language) |
| kal | Cs:S | n | (pos.) vicinity, area around: u-kál 'near' |
| kal | Cs:W <o | adj | innocent, naïve, not knowing any better |
| kālahah | Cs:S | n | borders [Ayāsthi cálahaċ, borrowing a 3sg possessed form] |
| kātyt | Csa:S >o | n | neighbour |
| kātytra | Csa:S | n | neighbourhood (in the narrow sense) |
| keiməi.s|z | Cs:M >e | n | body of knowledge, science, study (of s.t.); (in names of particular sciences, always phrasally): keiməis z-afəijkə 'zoology', keiməis z-afotsaiř 'history', etc. |
| kek | Cs:W >ə | v | shoot (tr), eject; use profanity (against all); make an oath [[case?]] [[derivs?]] |
| keksəilu.|n | Cs:S | v | hunt |
| kenza | Cs:S | v | ask, inquire, request |
| kep | Csa:W <a | adv/n | last year |
| kic | Cs:W >əi | adj | scary, fearsome |
| kme.s|z | Csa2:W <a | n | sutures, stitches |
| kory | Cs:yS | n | friend |
| t-kory | Cs2a:yS | v | befriend [[case?]] |
| koryvat | Cs:M >e | n | friendly |
| kótəi | . | (optative) [an optative form of ot] | |
| kte.s|z | Cs2a:W <a | v | steal |
| ktezvoti | Cs2a:iS | n | mouse ['seed-stealing'] |
| kəijjah | Cs:W <o | v | follow ['walk behind', second < joxa 'backward' in the sense 'in back of'] |
| kəilkə | Cs:sW | n | written records |
| kə̄ilkə | Cs:sW | n | (sgtv.) record of a single fact or transaction, clause, sentence, line (of poetry) |
| tes-kəilkə | Csa:sW | v | keep a record of, write (down) |
| kəjau.|n | Cs:S >ou | n | leg [kêja-v, with the lost nomen agentis suffix] |
| khā.ř|d | Cs2:W | n | footpath, narrow way [Yād kād, or a source akin to it] |
| khāřtə | Cs2:sW | adj | narrow |
| khin | Cs2:S | n | fault, responsibility for a bad situation; failing, weakness of character, vice; (as adj) responsible for; tempted to (a vice) [[case?]] [extracted from the gerund of zôk] |
| tes-khin | Csa:S | v | take responsibility for (a bad situation) |
| sau-khīn | Csa:S | v | blame (person blamed dat) [[case?]] |
| lāi.|n | Cva:W >ei | adj | not rotten, still good (of food); ruddy (of complexion); fair (of weather) |
| lāiju.|n | Cva:S >ou | adj | kind, warm-hearted, caring ['liver-healthy'] |
| Lāpi | Cv:iS | pn | Peilaš, the continent [the register suggests Ayāsthi influence] |
| lézafaži | Cv:iS | n | picture [Ayāsthi lezāfàʒeıeṅ 'draw'] |
| lejou.|n | Cv:S | n | skill which one spends time developing, technique, discipline, craft, art; (as adj) skillful, proficient |
| t-lejou.|n | Cs2a:S | v | practice (a skill) [[case?]] |
| lekarou.|n | Cva:S | n | enemy territory, hostile country |
| leř | adv | (concessive: the speaker is conceding a point by saying this) | |
| leřmy | Cv:yW | n | country, city-state [< la + ðamô] |
| lézafaži | Cv:iS | n | picture [Ayāsthi lezāfàʒeıeṅ 'draw'] |
| tez-lézafaži | Csa:iS | v | draw (a picture) |
| líf.ař|ř | Cv:S | n | group of aspens [first < 'tree', from a variety where d becomes l] |
| līf.ař|ř | Cv:S | n | (sgtv.) aspen (tree) |
| lijmy | Cv:yW | n | bird [second < 'free', calquing Kozado] |
| lodaitu.|n | Cv:W | n | famine |
| lo.ř|d | Cv:W >a | n | year |
| lot | Cv:M >a | v | punish, discipline |
| loun | ia:W | n | mould, fungus, rot, decay (especially on structures or items of manufacture) [this word had exceptional shortening somewhere along the way] |
| lóžeřřat | Cv:M >e | adj | priestly, clerical, ritual, of or regulated by a formal religious institution [Ayāsthi lōʒèrr plus native adjectiviser] |
| lunza | Cv:S | v | pay one's last respects; (nominalised) ~wake |
| lyřřa | Cv:S | adj | righteous, moral, conscientious, doing the right thing; virtuous, good |
| ləij | Cv:W >e | v/s | finish (at its natural endpoint) |
| ləil | Cv:W <i | v | flow, run (of a watercourse) |
| ləi.s|z | Cv:W <i | n | sky ['bird place'] |
| oul-lə́i.s|z | V:W <i | v | rise, ascend |
| tez-ləi.s|z | Csa:W <i | v | raise, lift |
| ləispe.s|z | Cv:W <a | n | emblem, symbol, sign; battle standard |
| ləizi | Cv:iS | v | utter, pronounce, say (typically of one or a few words) |
| ləizum | Cv:W | n | joke, play on words |
| lə́k | Cv:W >e | n | cheese [< an irregular variant of zuleġ] |
| ľài.|n | Cv:W | n | word [E'át ljazh] |
| ľiľ | conj | nor, not ... and not ...; (preceding a single argument) not even | |
| ma.|n | Na:W >e | adv/n | today |
| má | Na:S | adj | healthy [deverbal noun of źma] |
| maipi.|n | N:S | adj | false, wrong, incorrect |
| mel | N:W <a | v | shine |
| melmə | j:sW | n | planet [second < 'journey'] |
| meľ | N:W <a | v | suckle, nurse |
| mè.ř|r | Na:W <a | adj | just, fair; regular, predictable [negative of èř] |
| me.š|ž | N:W <əi | v | spurn, rebuff, give the cold shoulder to [Kozado meža] |
| met | N:W <a | v/s | know (a fact, or how to do something) |
| métrou.|n | Na:S | adj | poor, hard up [negative] |
| mev | Na:W <a | n | pair of lips; person from among a population (household, city, nation, military unit, ...) (this sense mostly used in counting) |
| oul-mév | V:W <a | v | interrupt (the speech of) |
| mēv | Na:W <a | n | (sgtv.) lip |
| mi | i:iW | n | name |
| t-mi | Cs2a:iW | v | respond to a name [[case?]] |
| tez-mi | Csa:iW | v | call (by a name) [[case? should follow causatives]] |
| sau-mī | Csa:iW | v | name, bestow a name |
| míj | N:W >əi | n | busybody, meddler |
| tez-míj | Csa:W >əi | v | meddle, intrude (into others' private business) |
| mījep | N:S | v | journey, travel afar [Ayāsthi mêıeṅ; latterly compounded with ep, perhaps to give the stem more substance or distinction from 'name'] |
| mjōliju.|n | N2:W >ou | n | trust in one who doesn't deserve it [negative] |
| tez-mjōliju.|n | Csa:W >ou | v | betray, violate the trust of |
| mlāi.|n | N2:W >ei | adj | bad, spoilt, rotten [negative of lāi] |
| mlēitə | N2:sW | n | storm; (as adj) stormy |
| mlejou.|n | N2:S | adj | unskilled, noobish [negative of lejou(n)] |
| mlou.|n | N2a:W | n | ice |
| t(ou)-mlou.|n | Csa:W | v | freeze |
| mloutə | N2a:sW | adj | slick, slippery |
| mňim | conj | or; ... or ... among other possibilities; (preceding a single argument) for example, among others, perhaps | |
| moči | N:iS | v | count [Ayāsthi mòtşeıeṅ] |
| mo.ř|d | N:W >a | n | person |
| mōřjouk | N:W | n | business partner |
| mořkəilkə | N:sW | n | scribe |
| mořnun | N:W | n | traveller |
| mořṗhotu.|n | N:S | n | lecher, dirty (old) man |
| móřžei.|n | N:W | n | baker [extra ř by analogy with agentives] |
| mot | N:M >a | n | heart (as a physical organ), (pos.) middle, inside |
| tez-mot | Csa:M >a | v | beat (of the heart) |
| mot | N:W >a | n | (period of) time; (as adj) past, elapsed |
| t-mot | Cs2a:W >a | v | pass (of time) |
| tez-mot | Csa:W >a | v | reckon time; recur at regular intervals; beat (rhythmically), follow (a rhythm, a metre) (of music or poetry) [[case]] |
| mōt | N:W >a | n | (sgtv.) heartbeat; instant of time (or mixed caudal: the singulatives of the two words mot have become confused) |
| motsa | N:S | n | an indoors location, (pos.) inside (a building) [neg. of otsa, positional by influence of mot] |
| motsa | N:S | n | rib cage |
| mōtsa | N:S | n | (sgtv.) rib |
| muči | N:iS | v | complain [Yād mujin 'protest'] |
| mumij | N:S | n | fool |
| mumijat | N:M >e | adj | foolish, silly, daft |
| my.ř|r | N:W >o | adj | thin |
| məi.|n | N:W >e | v | rove, wander [stem reformed, əi not being a typical sW termination] |
| məij | N:W <i | n | cow, female bovine |
| məiľ | N:W >e | v | read |
| məi.ř|r | i:W >i | n | ancestry, lineage; genealogical record |
| mə̄i.ř|r | i:W >i | n | ancestor |
| oul-mə́i.ř|r | V:W >i | v | descend from [[case?]] |
| məi.s|z | N:M >e | n | father |
| mək.|t | N:S | n | younger sibling: tni mək 'younger brother', umy mək 'younger sister' |
| na | i:S | v | see |
| ná | Na:S | v/s | be used to, be in the habit of: nə-ná 'habitually, usually' |
| nafpoumva | Na:S | n | (both) cheeks |
| ij-nafpoumva | V:S | v | puff out the cheeks; blow from the mouth |
| nalef | Na:W <ə | n | domestic animal, head of livestock |
| nalefra | Na:S | n | herd of livestock |
| náňi | N:iS | v | cut finely or carefully [Ayāsthi náņeıeṅ] |
| napei.|n | Na:S | adj | red |
| nat | N:W <o | adj | grey ['ashen'; first < na] |
| nek | N:W <a | n | god(dess) |
| nekra | N:S | n | religion = set of beliefs and practices (not a very common word) |
| nello.ř|r | Na:W >a | n | horse |
| nerou.|n | i:W | adj | marvellous |
| neřtə | Na:sW | adj | blue ['sky color' < na + raþe] |
| néřtə | N:sW | n | cloud; (as adj) cloudy, overcast, dim (of ambient light), gloomy [+ 'sky'] |
| nezzə | Na:sW | n | shape, form [first < deverbal n. of na] |
| niri | N:iS | n | woman |
| niřřun | N:W | n | mistress (as term of respect) ['governing woman', with irregular vowel loss] |
| noji | (not used independently): ni-noji 'in vain, to no avail' | ||
| nou.|n | Na:W | n | common cold, (as adj) sick with a cold |
| nōu.|n | N:W | s | (volitional future auxiliary) |
| nòumo.|n | Na:S >a | adj | brown [the two diphthong rule operated here] |
| nùmme.ř|r | N:W <a | n | fair share; (frequent default meaning) half |
| tez-nùmme.ř|r | Csa:W <a | v | share fairly, distribute |
| numpein | N:W | n | onion [< nono + apena] |
| nun | N:W | v/s | go |
| nunzei.|n | N:W | adj | fast, swift ['good progress' < nona + zę] |
| nuňkə | N:sW | n | part, piece, section |
| nuňke.ř|r | N:W <əi | n | collection, compilation |
| nəij | N:W <i | n | leaf |
| ňei | adv | then (apodosis of a conditional); (with an indicative clause) therefore, it follows that | |
| ňna | N2:S | n | mother |
| ňvi | N2:iW | n | a k. of bread [E'át njvi] |
| odi | V:iS | n | salt: at-odi 'unfortunate' (of a turn of events) |
| ōdi | V:iS | n | (sgtv.) grain of salt |
| ofpi | V:iW | adj | vast, cavernous [+ pê] |
| ofpikə | V:sW | n | great hall |
| oj | V:W <y | v | press, push; clamp together [[derivs?]] |
| òṗi | V:iS | v | conquer [Ayāsthi ġòpfieıeṅ] |
| ošivo | V:S | n | day off |
| ot | V:W >a | v/s | come; come to pass, happen, be the case [[probably also an auxiliary]] |
| ot | V:W >a | n | chill, draught of cold air, (as adj) chilly |
| tez-ot | Csa:W >a | v | walk; (especially) go out for a walk, promenade |
| oul-ót | V:W >a | v | shiver, have chattering teeth (due to cold) |
| otsa | V:S | n | the outdoors |
| otsai.ř|d | V:W | n | era, age, span of history; significant historical event; memorial to past deeds; matter (in the sense in "Matter of Britain/France/Rome/..."), genre, setting (of a work of literature) |
| ottun | V:W | n | infant, newborn [< ôto + aðono] |
| ou.|n | V:W | n | grass (mass) |
| ōuni | V:iS | n | (sgtv.) blade of grass [ōu is the regular reflex of the Mavakhalan efʼ; reinterpreted as a singulative] |
| oukla | Va:S | adj | sober; levelheaded, sensible [negative of kola] |
| òul | V:W <u | v/s | take (s-verbal use to introduce objects, and to render senses such as 'bring') [[point to grammar]] |
| oum | V:W | n | fly |
| oumňizy | V:yW | n | moth |
| oumro | V:S | n | decomposing corpse [from adj. with sense 'full of flies'; irregular stem extension loss] |
| ounza | Va:S | v | be so depressed or shocked as to be listless |
| oul-óunza | V:S | v | use up the last of, finish off (a resource) |
| òu.ř|r | V:W | v | swim |
| outva | adv | apart [negative of têva] | |
| ov | V:W <y | v | consecrate, hallow, reserve or set aside for religious purposes |
| pa | ia:S | adj | straight, taut, stretched out |
| t-pa | Cs2a:S | v | straighten, stretch (intr) |
| tes-pa | Csa:S | v | straighten, stretch (tr) |
| pa.s|z | Csa:W >e | v | attack [stem in z analogical] [[derivatives?]] |
| pavha | ia:S | n | spine, backbone |
| pepsa | Cs:S | n | judge, deem, consider, think (that s.t. is a particular way) (stative) [[case?]] |
| pet | Cs:W <əi | v | die (of com, at the hand of geno) [sense influenced by pəit] |
| pettə | Cs:sW | adj | deadly, fatal |
| pfə̄p | Cs2:W | v | speak distinguishing ṗ ṗh from p ph (used in derision) |
| pī.|n | Cs:W >əi | v | fear, be afraid of, (nominalised) fear |
| tes-pī.|n | Csa:W >əi | v | scare, frighten, menace |
| pīmou.|n | Cs:S | adj | daring, brave, valiant |
| pinfep | Cs:W <ə | adj | swollen [+ 'large'] |
| t-pinfep | Cs2a:W <ə | v | swell |
| pīrou.|n | Cs:S | adj | nervous, skittish |
| pītša | Cs:S | n | sleep paralysis |
| pjá | Cs2a:S | n | crag, outcrop, promontory, headland; preference, advantage, argument for, point in favour of, (as adj) preferred |
| tes-pjá | Csa:S | v | argue (especially about which of a set of alternatives is better) |
| sau-phjá | Csa:S | v | favour, prefer (dat, thing favoured over geno) |
| plažža | Cs2a:S | v | feed [Kozado plazeža] |
| plažžəi.s|z | Cs2a:M >e | n | food (cf. het, a more common word) |
| pmou.|n | Cs2a:W | n | smoke |
| tes-pmou.|n | Csa:W | v | preserve (food) by smoking |
| pmōu.|n | Cs2a:W | n | (sgtv.) puff or wisp of smoke |
| pmouň | Cs2a:W | n | smokehouse |
| pun | Cs:W | v | bite |
| puň.ei|n | Cs:S | n | turnip |
| puňňa | Cs:S | n | root cellar |
| pəi.ř|r | Cs:W >e | v | press on despite overwhelming odds or with a lost cause |
| pəit | adv | to death, to pieces, to exhaustion, so as to be destroyed or destroy it(self) [sense influenced by pet] | |
| ṗei.|n | Cs:W | adj | low, shallow (in extent) |
| ṗidij | Cs:S >əi | n | fingernail, toenail |
| ṗle.s|z | Cs2a:W <a | v | send; give signals; leave alone, disregard |
| sau-ṗhle.s|z | Csa:W <a | v | have s.o. (acc) convey s.t. (com); direct, give instructions |
| ṗlē.s|z | Cs2a:W <a | v | (sgtv.) signal, cue |
| ṗnap | Cs2a:M >e | adj | low, near the ground (in position) [second < ape] |
| ṗhotu.|n | Cs2:S | v | fondle, grope (tr); steel oneself, psych oneself up (intr) |
| ṗhoun | Cs2a:W | v | put, set, place, lay |
| ṗhy | Cs2:yW | adj | fat, swollen |
| t(a)-ṗhy | Csa:yW | v | swell, grow fat |
| rafei.|n | Cva:S | n | (pos.) role or function: ou-ráfei 'as' (essive, permanent), et-rafei 'becoming' (translative), raf-rafei 'as' (temporary), nə-rafei 'instead of' |
| t-rafei.|n | Cs2a:S | v | become |
| teř-řafei.|n | Csa:S | v | serve as; replace, be substituted for (usually temporarily) [[case?]] |
| rāh | Cva:W | n | anus [rāu + xo with irregular diphthong simplification] |
| ra.s|z | Cv:W <o | v | play music |
| rā.s|z | Cv:W <o | n | (sgtv.) tone, note |
| rat | Cs:W >e | v | hear; smell, taste in the air, perceive at a distance by any sense other than sight: at-rat 'supposedly, so I hear' |
| rat.əiř|r | Cv:S | n | head |
| Rattu.|n | Cv:W | pn | Rathedān |
| rāu.|n | Cva:W >ou | n | hole [related to the vialis] |
| teř-řāu.|n | Csa:W >ou | v | bore a hole |
| ráu.|n | Cva:S | n | fuzz, fluff; (as adj) fuzzy, wooly, fluffy |
| rāuty | Cva:yS | n | mouth [second component < tô(t)] |
| ij-rāuty | V:yS | v | blather, chatter, chinwag, talk idly or valuelessly |
| razəi.s|z | Cv:M >e | n | music |
| rettə | Cs:sW | adj | supposed, so-called, putative (cf. at-rat) |
| rij.|v | Cv:S >əi | n | fox |
| rolkə | Cv:sW | n | face, (pos.) front part or side; temporal subsequence: il-rolkə 'forwards, ahead' |
| oul-rólkə | V:sW | v | stare down, overcome or intimidate in a confrontation |
| rouň | Cva:W | n | summer pasture, field in the mountains |
| ru|.n | Cv:W | n | plain |
| run | Cv:M | v | (stands in for p-verbal forms of the copula); rule, govern, have control or dominion over; drink (cf. àvəi), eat (especially of a side dish), have a taste of |
| runza | Cv:S | n | kingdom, country |
| rỳlau.|n | Cv:S >ou | n | wife |
| rylly | Cv:yW | n | husband |
| rỳpi | Cv:iS | n | jerk, dick, unlikable sort |
| rỳpijat | Cv:M >e | adj | unlikable, inconsiderate |
| řat | Cva:W >e | n | fist bump (used as a praising gesture, roughly as we use a pat on the back) [Kozado raþ] |
| teř-řat | Csa:W >e | v | perform the řat gesture |
| řatša | Csa:S | v | locate, pick out [Kozado raþeža] |
| řazva | Cv:S | v | botch, bungle, make a mess of, fuck up [[case]]: řazva! (not-too-vulgar) exclamation of despair at things going wrong [ř intensive] |
| řijrou.|n | Cv:W | n | trick (especially a subtle one); (as adj) sly, wily, cunning |
| teř-řijrou.|n | Csa:W | v | trick craftily, outwit |
| řəisi | Cv:iS | n | chair, seat [?] |
| řəispev | Cv:W <a | n | a k. of tall stool [second component < hapava, losing the h] |
| sāu.|n | Csa:W >ou | v/s | give [[point to grammar for lexical uses]] |
| sot | Cs:M >a | v/s | start, begin |
| sot | Cs:W >a | n | dust, dirt, grime; (as adj) dusty, dirty |
| t-sot | Cs2a:W >a | v | get dirty; sit neglected, gather dust |
| tes-sot | Csa:W >a | v/n | neglect, ignore; leave out, exclude; (nominalised) (pos.) exclusion, exception: nə-tessot 'except (for)' |
| sòu.|n | Cs:W >au | adj | tame, broken (of animals) [deverbal noun of sovʼ] |
| tes-sòu.|n | Csa:W >au | v | tame, break (of animals) (tr) |
| sōuro.|n | Csa:S | adj | worthy, sufficiently valuable |
| syř | Cs:W >o | adv/n | tomorrow |
| syřsij | Cs:S | adv/n | the day after tomorrow [perhaps analogical] |
| səij | Cs:W <i | v | wash, bathe |
| šilu.|n | Cs:S | n | set of teeth; gate |
| šīlu.|n | Cs:S | n | (sgtv.) tooth |
| šiṗei.|n | Cs:S | n | a short-legged breed of dog, ~dachshund |
| šiviri | Cs:iW | n | dog [+ 'leg'; by contrast with šiṗei.|n. the shorter form was lost due to potential confusion with the definite article] |
| ta | Csa:S | s | (used with separable p-verbs) |
| tairo.|n | Cs:S | adj | cowardly |
| teřtə | Cs:sW | adj | sexy, hot, erotic |
| te.s|z | Csa:W <a | s | (used with separable p-verbs) |
| tij | Cs:W >əi | v | pull |
| tiřsi | Cs:iW | v | sit (usually dynamic) ['pull (up) a chair'] |
| tly | Cs2:yW | n | table |
| tni | Cs2:iW | n | elder brother |
| toc | Cs:W | n | beak (of a bird) [imitative] |
| tocjy | Cs:yW | n | nose ['beak of skin'] |
| ij-tocjy | V:yW | v | smell, sniff |
| tohta | Cs:S | n | frame (architectural element) [< tô(t) + xata] |
| tol | Cs:W >a | n | the moon (treated as a proper noun wrt definiteness) |
| topi | Cs:iS | n | penis |
| tóra.|n | Cs:S | adj | safe, situated away from or protected against dangers [Ayāsthi tóraṅ] |
| tòuvah | Cs:W <o | n | snail ['house-on-back' < t(ôt) ov-voxa] |
| tsyt | Cs2:W | n | house [a fusion of the Mavakhalan independent and stem forms] |
| tu.|n | Cs:W | n | hand |
| tun | i:W | v | choose, pick, select |
| tusfo | Cs:S | v | have mastered, be completely familiar with, not need to think about |
| ty | Cs:yW | n | lake |
| tyh | Cs:W | n | home [Ayāsthi tỳh] |
| tyř | adna | slightly, a little | |
| tyvəi.s|z | Cs:M >e | n | meat ['eat-stuff'] |
| tȳvji | Cs:iW | n | military camp ['war home'] |
| təicma | Cs:S | v | buy |
| təitkə | Cs:sW | n | road, street, way [< teþo 'wide' + -kə] |
| thei.|n | Cs2:W | adj | (an)other, else, (a) different |
| thevi | Cs2:iS | v/adj | be guilty, feel remorse; (as adj) guilty, remorseful [Yād tevin 'sin'] |
| tholči | Cs2:iW | v | shine like the moon [Yād toljin (but still recognizably related to tol)] |
| thòul | Cs2a:W <u | v | utterly defeat, pwn (informal to slightly vulgar) [< atoxôvla with irregular loss of initial material] |
| u | conj | and (not used to conjoin clauses: for that use ȳi) | |
| um | V:W | v | gamble; simulate, mock up, model |
| tez-um | Csa:W | v | place a bet |
| ij-um | V:W | v | demonstrate, explain by working through an example or simulation |
| ūm | V:W | n | (sgtv.) bet, wager |
| umy | V:yS | n | elder sister |
| uň | V:W | v | fly |
| uňkōtəi | . | (negative optative) [cf. kótəi] | |
| vah | Cv:W <o | n | back (anatomical), (pos.) rearward part or side, temporal antecedence: il-vah 'backwards' |
| vaihy | Cv:yS | n | group of pines |
| vāihy | Cv:yS | n | (sgtv.) pine (tree) |
| vap | Cv:W >e | n | root |
| vař | conj | either/or (strongly exclusive); (preceding a single argument) only, just | |
| vařkə | Cv:sW | n | (one)self |
| vau.|n | Cv:W >ou | v | err, do s.t. wrongly [[complement type?]] |
| véfi | Cv:iS | v | execute, put to death [Ayāsthi wéfeıeṅ 'punish'] |
| vel | Cva:W <a | v/s | lie, recline; rest (especially in a position); sit (in some static uses) |
| vellou.|n | Cva:S | adj | tired (from effort) |
| venza | Cs:S | v | pray |
| viṗ | Cv:W >ə | n | switch, rod, flogging device |
| ij-viṗ | V:W >ə | v | flog, whip |
| oul-víṗ | V:W >ə | v | threaten (with flogging, or generally) |
| vīṗ | Cv:W >ə | n | (sgtv.) one blow with a switch |
| vot | Cv:W >a | v | stab |
| votkə | Cv:sW | n | dagger |
| vumi | V:iS | adj | yellow |
| vundou.|n | V:W | v | rape ['steal purity' or '~ a girl'] |
| vunna | V:S | v | watch or perceive secretly, spy, eavesdrop, surveil; watch voyeuristically ['steal sight' < womo + na] |
| vȳi.s|z | V:W | n | wind [deverbal < wôś; z probably from the mass nominaliser] |
| vyli | Cv:iS | n | land |
| vys | adv | later, afterwards | |
| ydy | V:yS | n | eye; vulnerable spot |
| t-ydy | Csa:yS | v | wear out (of a part of something) |
| ij-ydy | V:yS | v | look, gaze, peer |
| ydyvat | V:M >e | adj | vulnerable |
| ȳi | conj | and (conjoining clauses; otherwise u) | |
| ylka | V:S | v | forget |
| yľ | V:W >o | n | (expanse of) ivy |
| ȳľ | V:W >o | n | (sgtv.) ivy vine |
| yľ | V:W >o | adj | rich, fatty (of taste); intriguing, scandalous, making good gossip (of affairs, talk), (especially) salacious, bawdy |
| sau-vȳľ | V:W >o | v | season (food dat) (irregular hiatus-avoidance, to preserve root integrity) |
| ypi | V:iS | n | ~household deity (the domain need not be a household, but can be e.g. a significant outside area) |
| yt | V:W >o | adj | new, young |
| zàil | Cv:M | n | butter |
| zakhə | adv | then, and then [< za-xexe 'after that'] [[mention?]] | |
| zarou.|n | Cv:S | adj | drunk |
| Za.ř|d | Va:W >e | pn | the upper Rathedān, south of Zophīs [Kozado ze ado] |
| zařňa | Cv:S | n | tavern |
| zaty | Cva:iS | n | greensward, lawn, grassy part of a piece of property |
| zei | adv | well | |
| zékla | Cva:S | n | subject, one ruled over; attendant, servant, retainer; ~vassal; peasant, member of the working class [< sgtv. žzakalas, whose simplex was lost] |
| zékpi | Cva:iW | n | king [with augmentative] |
| zem | Cva:W <a | n | the sun (treated as a proper noun wrt definiteness) |
| ze.s|z | Cva:W <a | v | plough [stem in z analogical] |
| ziji | Cv:iS | n | uncle |
| zijy | Cv:yS | adj | hostile, bellicose, warlike |
| zum | Cv:W | v | guard (a person or location), escort |
| zyk | Cv:W >o | v | think ill of, look down on, dislike (especially of a person) |
| zyzma | adv | clockwise | |
| zəhra | Cv:S | v | love |
| t-səhra | Cs2a:S | v | fall in love |
| zəij | Cv:W <i | n | town |
| zəm | Cv:W <i | n | mud; (as adj) muddy [Kozado zima, with irregular lowering] |
| žéi.|n | Cv:W | v | bake bread (specifically) [backformation from móřžei] |
| žéiň | Cv:W | n | bakery |
| žekhori | Cv:iW | v | worship [Ayāsthi ʒèchoreıeṅ] |
| že.s|z | Cva:W <a | v | rut, be in heat (of animals), (nominalised) oestrus |
| žijy | Cv:yS | adj | good, close (of e.g. friends, companions); familiar; good old |
| t-šijy | Cs2a:yS | v | get to know, bond with [[case?]] |
| žó | Cv:S | n | sword [Ayāsthi ʒēó] |
| əij | V:W <i | v/s | use (limited lexical s-verbal use to introduce instruments) [[point to grammar]] |
| əijkə | V:sW | v | lie, speak deceitfully |
| əijkə | V:sW | n | animal (particularly wild or exotic) |
| əijkmat | V:M >e | n | zoo, exhibition of exotic animals |
| əiřna | V:S | v | scratch |
| əiřnakə | V:sW | n | claws |
| əiřza | Va:S | v | want, desire [[derivs?]] |
| əit | V:W <i | v | hold, grasp [[derivs?]] |
| ə̀itnə | V:sW | n | rain ['cloud falling' < eþ + ǵne] |
| ə̄itnə | V:sW | n | (sgtv.) raindrop |
| əizim | V:S | n | swamp [Kozado ezim] |